MLA 9th Edition Citation: Key Changes in the Format

The MLA 9th Edition made a few significant updates to the citation style, especially regarding the formatting of publisher information and the use of container titles. Here are the key changes:

1. Publisher’s Name Simplification

In the 9th edition, you no longer need to include words like “Company,” “Press,” or “Inc.” in the publisher’s name. For example:

Correct: HarperCollins, 2021
Incorrect: HarperCollins Publishers, 2021

2. Including URLs for Online Sources

When citing an online book or ebook, MLA 9th edition recommends including the URL or DOI (Digital Object Identifier) for web sources. However, you are not required to add the URL for books accessed via databases, as long as the source is easily accessible.

Example:

Miller, Anne. Cultural Dynamics in the 21st Century. Springer, 2020, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31978-9.

3. Consistent Formatting for Titles

The MLA 9th edition emphasizes consistency in formatting book titles, ensuring that all titles (books, articles, or essays) are italicized, and quotation marks are used for smaller works like essays or chapters.

Citing Books in MLA Style: Tips and Common Mistakes

1. Double Check Author Names

First Name First: Always list the author’s first name before the last name in MLA book citations.
Middle Initials: If the author’s name includes a middle initial, include it after the first name (e.g., John D. Smith).

2. Ensure Consistency in Dates

Always ensure the year of publication is correct and matches the edition being cited. If you are citing a particular edition (e.g., 2nd edition), be sure to include it in the citation.
For instance: Smith, John. The Art of Writing, 2nd ed., Penguin Press, 2020.

3. Use the Correct Citation Style for Translated Works

When citing a book that has been translated, include the translator’s name after the book title. The correct format is:

Author’s Last Name, First Name. Title of Book, translated by Translator’s First Name Last Name, Publisher, Year of Publication.

For example:

Hemingway, Ernest. The Old Man and the Sea, translated by Gregory Moore, Scribner, 2019.