Harvard Referencing Style for Dissertation

The Harvard referencing style is widely used in many disciplines, particularly in the social sciences and humanities. This style uses the author-date format, where you provide the author’s surname and the year of publication in the in-text citation, and full details of the source are listed in the reference list. Below is a guide on how to format references in Harvard style for your dissertation.

1. General Harvard Reference Guidelines

Font: Use Times New Roman (12-point) for the reference list and in-text citations.
Spacing: The reference list should be double-spaced, with no extra space between entries.
Hanging Indentation: The reference list should have a hanging indent (0.5 inches).
Order: References should be listed alphabetically by author’s surname.

2. Basic Format for Different Types of Sources in Harvard Style

Books:

Format:
Author(s), Year of Publication. Title of the Book. Edition (if applicable). Place of Publication: Publisher.
Example:
Smith, J. A., 2019. Research Methods in Psychology. 2nd ed. London: Academic Press.

Journal Articles:

Format:
Author(s), Year of Publication. ‘Title of the article’, Title of the Journal, Volume number (Issue number), Page range.
Example:
Brown, L. M. and Green, H. K., 2018. ‘The impact of social media on academic performance’, Journal of Educational Psychology, 50(4), pp. 300-315.

Websites:

Format:
Author(s), Year of Publication. Title of the webpage/document. [Online] Available at: URL [Accessed: Day Month Year].
Example:
American Psychological Association, 2020. APA Style Guide. [Online] Available at: https://apastyle.apa.org/ [Accessed: 10 August 2021].

3. In-Text Citation in Harvard

For one author: (Smith, 2019)
For two authors: (Smith and Brown, 2020)
For three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2021)
For direct quotes, include page numbers: (Smith, 2019, p. 23).

By following these citation styles for APA, IEEE, and Harvard, you can ensure that your references are formatted correctly for your dissertation. Each citation style has specific requirements, so make sure to select the one that aligns with the guidelines provided by your institution or field of study.